Which statement about Senate confirmations of federal judges is correct?

• A. Until recently, most judges were confirmed
• B. Only liberal judges have been confirmed in recent years
• C. Activist judges are more likely to be confirmed than constructionists
• D. Senators actually nominate judges

Answer: (A)

Federal judges are nominated by the President and then confirmed by the Senate. For a long time, the vast majority of these nominees were confirmed, often with broad bipartisan support and little sustained opposition. That historical pattern is what the statement is getting at when it says that, until recently, most judges were confirmed.

The other points don’t fit the process or the data. The President, not senators, nominates judges. Ideology alone—liberal versus conservative—or labels like activist versus constructionist don’t determine a universal confirmation pattern; both conservative and liberal nominees have been confirmed over time depending on the political dynamics between the White House and the Senate.