The growth of numerous public-interest lobbies in the 1960s was an example of interest groups that formed as a result of

• A. The enlargement of governmental responsibilities.
• B. Government policy.
• C. The emergence of talented leadership.
• D. Broad economic developments.

Answer: (A)

When the government takes on more tasks, it creates new policy areas that people want to influence. In the 1960s, expansion of governmental responsibilities—from civil rights and welfare to environmental and consumer protections—opened up numerous issues for policymakers to decide, funding decisions to be made, and regulatory rules to shape. That rise in government activity created opportunities and incentives for citizens and groups to organize and lobby to shape those programs, leading to a surge in public-interest lobbies.

While policy changes can accompany this growth, the fundamental driver is the broader scope of government work itself. Talented leadership can help groups grow, and economic trends can affect activism, but the defining factor for the explosion of public-interest groups is the expanded role of government that invited organized advocacy.